숙명여고 영어 내신 변형 분석

윗글 [A]의 밑줄 친 Circular fashion에 대한 사례가 아닌 것은?

[A] Worth over $3 trillion and making up 2% of the world's GDP, the fashion industry today has an almost entirely linear approach. The process moves in a straight line from design to consumption to disposal. Material extraction, textile manufacturing, the supply chain, design, sales, marketing, and other steps are guided by the aim of maximizing garment consumption without considering other issues. Due to linear fashion, the fashion industry negatively affects the environment. 85% of textiles go into landfills, only 1% of the material is recycled, at least 500,000 tons of microfibers end up in the ocean (equal to 50 billion plastic bottles), and 93 billion cubic meters of water is required for textile production annually. Alarming numbers like these will keep increasing if producers maintain the old system. ⓐIt is clear that waste and pollution from the fashion industry must be reduced. Linear fashion must change, and this could happen through circular fashion. Circular fashion is inspired by the principles of a circular economy and sustainable development. A circular economy is based on limiting waste, keeping resources and materials in use, and reusing them. In a circular model, we make, use, and reuse materials for as long as possible to extract their maximum value. Therefore, clothing and textiles are produced, used, and reused to minimize waste. It is a renewable approach to reduce the fashion industry's environmental impact. Circular fashion provides numerous benefits. ⓑFirst, extending the lifespan of fibers significantly reduces textile waste, benefits the environment. Second, circular processes utilize chemicals and materials safe for human health and the environment. This practice protects the environment and consumer health. Third, materials are regenerated instead of being disposed of, which enables their long-term use. [B] The rise of circular fashion is facilitated by new technology and ideas. Materials commonly used in clothing are not eco-friendly because they require considerable resources and often break down slowly. This creates a need for eco-friendly textile alternatives. Currently, companies are developing recycled fibers and fibers extracted from agricultural waste products like leaves, peels, and seeds. One company uses nanotechnology to make soft material from orange peels. Another makes fabrics from kapok tree seeds. The trees grow well in poor soil without needing much water. These new fabrics produce less waste, last a long time, and break down easily. ⓒIn addition to these manufacturing techniques, technology will improve in such a way that it may become normal to produce clothes only when people order them. This "make-to-order" method will cost more, but less money will be spent on maintaining offline stores. And 3D technology will enable people to see how clothes will fit online without trying them on in a store. In the long run, innovation in production and sales will facilitate sustainable fashion and considerably reduce material waste and logistics emissions. ⓓAnother key to making fashion sustainable is the consumer: us. If we want the fashion industry to adopt more sustainable practices, we must care about how clothes come to us. ⓔWe should then demonstrate our concerns through what we buy. The market, of course, will respond. We can also reduce waste by discarding clothes responsibly. To be specific, we should buy only what we need and pass clothing on to someone who will wear it or to a thrift shop when discarding it.

1. ①A company sells high-quality, durable boots that are designed to last for many years. They use resuable materials and eco-friendly products so the boots don't wear out quickly. The focus is on making a product that stays in good condition for a long time.
2. ②A designer creates a coat that is made entirely from one type of natural fabric and has buttons that can be easily removed. This is done purposefully so that when the coat is no longer wanted, it can be much more easily recycled because the different parts can be separated without difficulty, allowing the fabric to be reused.
3. ③A company finds it has a large amount of clothing that did not sell at the end of the season. Instead of trying to sell it at a discount or donate it, it chooses to burn the clothes. This prevents the items from being sold cheaply by competitors or affecting the brand's image, demonstrating a priority on sales strategy over reusing or responsibly managing products.
4. ④A popular fashion brand launches a program where customers can return old clothes from that brand. The company then sorts these returned items, cleaning and repairing those that are still in good condition to be resold. Items that cannot be resold are sent to a special facility where the fabric is broken down and turned back into new material for making future clothes.
5. ⑤A small business specializes in repairing damaged clothing. Customers can bring in items like jackets with broken zips or trousers with holes, and the skilled workers will fix them carefully. This service helps people keep their favorite clothes for a longer period instead of throwing them away because of small problems.

윗글의 밑줄 친 (A) "The whole future of art is to be found in the south of France."가 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

Certain artists are so closely linked with particular places that it is hard to separate them. Arles and Van Gogh are like that. Arles is located five hours southeast of Paris and is well known for its magical light and colorful landscape. The most famous resident of this town was Vincent van Gogh. Leaving behind the gray skies of Paris, he arrived in Arles in 1888. The town inspired an explosion of creativity. Vincent claimed, (A)"The whole future of art is to be found in the south of France." He worked enthusiastically and produced nearly 200 paintings in just fifteen months. None of Vincent's works are left in Arles now, but today you can see a number of them have been recreated in street-side panels. Let's follow Vincent's traces that remain in Arles. The Roman Arena Arles is an ancient city dating back to Roman times. ⓐMany Roman buildings remain, including an arena was built in 90 A.D. The arena used to seat over 20,000 people who would go to watch various entertaining events. Vincent sometimes went to the bullfights that were held in the arena every Sunday. ⓑHe particularly liked to watch the colorful crowds. He told a friend that he found the crowds fascinating. They inspired the painting Arena at Arles. The arena is in the top right corner of the painting and is barely visible. Below, there is a faint image of two bulls. However, Vincent paid lots of attention to the people and their colorful clothes. Some of the people are chatting with friends, others are cheering on the bulls, and the entire painting has a powerful energy. Café van Gogh Vincent painted the world-famous Café Terrace at Night in September 1888. He created this work while sitting outside the Café van Gogh at night. This was unusual because most painters did their night scenes from memory and worked during the daytime. As such, they used a lot of black paint. Vincent, however, believed that night scenes contained diverse and vibrant colors. ⓒIndeed, the Café Terrace at Night has such a rich harmony of yellows, blues, and oranges that Vincent did not have to use a single drop of black paint. Even today, there is still a café at the site of Vincent's painting. It was renovated in the 1990s and painted yellow to look like the café in the painting. However, it is uncertain whether the color of the original café was yellow or not. The reason is that Vincent painted the wall of the café yellow to show the lamp light. Former Arles Hospital In December 1888, Vincent suffered from a mental illness and was sent to the hospital in Arles. He stayed there for five months. During this time, his mental stability improved, and the doctors allowed him to paint outdoors. Vincent took advantage of this freedom and produced several beautiful landscapes, such as The Garden of the Hospital in Arles. ⓓThe picture illustrates a spring garden filling with flowers and trees with different colors and tones. The flowers are in full bloom, and the small trees are leafy. The big trees, however, have few leaves. This is rather odd given that the season is spring. Perhaps this contrast reflects the painter's complex feelings during the most difficult time of his life. The hospital closed in the 1980s, and the building reopened as a library and exhibition space, with a café and gift shops. The garden was renovated to resemble Vincent's painting as much as possible. Arles and its provincial countryside inspired Vincent to create brighter, more exciting landscapes. ⓔHe had searched for brighter colors and softer light in Paris. In Arles, he found them. Today, more than 200 years later, this beautiful city remains just as attractive. The combination of Roman historic sites and Vincent's story creates a unique mood that will inspire you just as the city had inspired Vincent.

1. ①Vincent preferred to paint indoors, away from nature.
2. ②The light and colors in Arles changed how Vincent viewed art.
3. ③Vincent thought the future of art was in big cities like Paris.
4. ④Vincent believed that art was only about technique and not about inspiration.
5. ⑤The future of art was seen as being in museums rather than in landscapes.

주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?

We are the only species that seasons its food, deliberately altering it with the highly flavored plant parts we call herbs and spices. (A) In contrast, the most lightly spiced cuisines — those of Scandinavia and northern Europe — are from cooler climates. (B) Many spices have antibacterial properties — in fact, common seasonings such as garlic, onion, and oregano inhibit the growth of almost every bacterium tested. (C) Our uniquely human attention to flavor, in this case the flavor of spices, turns out to have arisen as a matter of life and death. (D) It's quite possible that our taste for spices has an evolutionary root. (E) And the cultures that make the heaviest use of spices — think of the garlic and black pepper of Thai food, the ginger and coriander of India, the chili peppers of Mexico — come from warmer climates, where bacterial spoilage is a bigger issue.

1. ①(C)-(B)-(A)-(D)-(E)
2. ②(C)-(E)-(A)-(D)-(B)
3. ③(D)-(B)-(A)-(E)-(C)
4. ④(D)-(B)-(E)-(A)-(C)
5. ⑤(D)-(E)-(A)-(B)-(C)

다음 도표의 내용과 일치하는 것 2개는?

1. ①Belgium was the only country with a smaller number of students per teacher than the OECD average in both public elementary and secondary schools.
2. ②In both public elementary and secondary schools, the average number of students per teacher was the largest in Mexico.
3. ③In public elementary schools, there was a larger number of students per teacher on average in Germany than in Japan, whereas the reverse was true in public secondary schools.
4. ④The average number of students per teacher in public secondary schools in Germany was less than half that in the United Kingdom.
5. ⑤Of the five countries, Mexico was the only country with more students per teacher in public elementary schools than in public secondary schools.

다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?

1. ①The importance of classifying every organism by its specific environmental conditions.
2. ②The interplay between human physiology and the balance in modern Earth environments.
3. ③The impact of climate change on both humans and wildlife from the viewpoint of extreme species.
4. ④The new challenges posed by technological advancements in preserving extreme environments.
5. ⑤The relative degree to which each living organism has and the necessity of viewing environmental conditions from that organism's perspective.

다음 (a)~(g) 중, 어법상 틀린 부분이 있는 문장의 개수는?

1. ①2개
2. ②3개
3. ③4개
4. ④5개
5. ⑤6개

다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

1. ①larger
2. ②efficiently
3. ③combine
4. ④together
5. ⑤more